Typographic machine.



P. H, RICHARDS. TYPOGRAPHIG MACHINE. APPLICATION riLEn 001211902.

' Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

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witness QfC QWXZ W P; H. RICHARDS.

TYPOGRAPHIO MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 27,1902.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

5 SHEETSSHEE1 4.

* 4 we? WWW .F. H. RICHARDS. v TYPOGRAPHIG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED OOT. 27,1902

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5 same formation that the actuated devices matter to connect up the respective em unrrnn s'rrrrns PATENT onnren FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, 0F HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR,'BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO AMERICAN TYPOGBAPHIC CORPOR A'EION, A CORPORATIQN OF NEW JERSEY.

IYPOGRAPHIC MACHINE.

Specification 01 Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

Application filed October 27, 1902. Serial No. 128,892.

To all whom it may concern: y Be it known that l, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typegraphic Machines, of which the following is a s ecifieation.

his invention relates to meansfor effecting theo'peration of any one of a numberof i actuatable devices from actuators designed 'for their operation.

' In many: forms of apparatus wherein it is desired to impart movements from one portion-of the-apparatus to another it is found inconvenient it not impracticable to do so by levers and similar mechanical devices owing to the difi'erent arrangement or formatio'n ofthe respective sets of parts. It the actuatingidevices are all arranged in the are arranged in, for instance, if keys are bers levers of the same lengt '1, but w iere', as; in many machines or apparatuses, the keyboardis arranged in banks and the movable or actuated members are located upon arms airanged in circular formation the problem is complicated, and when other obstacles are placed in the way or located between the two ends of the apparatus it is still more complicated. My invention seeks to overcome this difficulty and make it possible for dissimilarly-arranged series of devices to be actuated one from the other and each set of connected parts respectively to have the same amount of movement imparted and received irrespective of the obstacles which may be inter )osed between the point of impartation and the point of reception.

In the present embodiment of this system fluid conduit-s are provided, each having at its end means for forcing a given amount of fluid into the conduit and for causing the increment of fluid to operate a piston or the movement impulse imparted at one end to be carried through by .means of a "body of fluid and delivredat the other end "othcnactuated device at the other end, and

l and other portions of fluid apparatus surcharged. I

'lhe term apparatus as used herein does not necessarily refer to a single machine mounted upon a single frame base, but would include n'lcchanism wherein a keyboard or other actuating; device is arranged in form either compactly or separately and the actuated device arrangei'l either in compact form or separated and entirely independent so far as being removed at a dis tance from the actuating device is cone rned. it might be feasible, and in fact desirable, in practice, taking the tly iiewriter as a form of illustration, to place the major part of the apparatus at a considerabledistance from the actuating device, in the case of the typewriter key-board, it of course would be connected by the fluid conduits with. the major part of the machine. The two por tions of the machine. thus separated physically would still come within the purview of what is here designated an apparatus.

"The key board; the form of actuator chosien to illustrate this invention, is shown as l'ra'ving it's'individuals arranged in a torn tion wherein there are four rows of banks and each row is located slightly higher than the rorv in front of it, and the character arms, the form of' actuated device chosen. for like purpose, are shown as arranged in a formation wherein the individuals occupy positions upon a circle. The arrangement (it the individualsot each set into a particul 1: formation and the formation ol one set differing; from the formation of the other set is'so illustrated herein for the purpose of exhibiting the flexibility of the system. it in any apparatus it is found expedient, after the formation of the devices has been fixed, to chapge the relative positions of the individuals in one set but not to change the corres ending individuals of the other set, it will be possible to do so without disorganizing the entire apparatus or chany ing the length of stroke of any portion. it it is desired to reorganize the location of the actu ating devices, for instance, and let the actuated devices remain where they are, it me. be done without recourse to problems of everage, etc. the respective individuals to each other is immaterial. The power transmitters of all The relative location of i movement, irrespective of the relative posiindividuals connected Thus it will be seen that this iiitions of the two thereby.

vention differs materially from theclasses of machines, among which the typewriter may be named as one instance, wherein the levers for th e -various keys are of various lengths, and the fulcrums and points for receiving the weight vary, making uniformity of movement and of power transmitted impossible. In this system movement is transmitted immediately from one part of the apparatus to the other. There is provided a train of matter from one part to the other, to which train of matter an impulse is imparted and the same niovement which is imparted to the train ofmatter is passed directly through the constituent individuals or elements making up the train until it reaches the other end. That is the same movement which is iin parted at one end is transmitted to the other end. As distinguished from an apparatus, in which the movement is transn'nttcd inediatcly, as for instance, ,an elec.trically-operated device embodying," an electrical circuit, a circuit-closer and a ma g 'net. The movement mpulses by this system may be positively conveyed or transmitted from one:

part of the apparatus to the other and the matter in such train may be some suitable oil.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of th s specification, l igure 1 is a plan View of a device illustrating a form of employing my invention, Fig. 2 s a lon itudinal section thereof, Fir. 3 is a side elevation, Fits. 4 and 5 are details of feed or escapement mechanism, Fig. 6 is an end view of an escapement-wheel or disk, Fig, 7 is a pers ective of the esca ei'ncut-whecl and its ranger. 8 an t) are details of pum cylinders and a supporting; ring: thercfor, i

'10 is a section 01 the actuating, devices or pumps; and Fi s. 11 and 12 are detached views of the actuating and actuated devices in two positions.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention it is shown herein as applied to a typographic machine of the typewriter class, the

latter as illustrated being of conventional form and A desi hating in a general way the frame of the machine. The ttt'tllitflll]; de vice, desrnated in a general ay by B, in

the present instance for a sim lar purpose is shown as a series of Inger-keys 15 compnsmg the key-board of the machine and having depending stems 16 plate 17 secured to the frame of the machine in any suitable manner. Beneath each key is shown a cylinder 18 in which a )iston 15) having a working fit is located 2Ll1( secured to the stem of the key. For the purpose of applied and passiii, through a maintaining the piston at its initial position suitable means, shown as a coiled spring 20, i may be employed. Connected with the lower portion of each cylinder is shown a i tube or conduit 21 having a head 22 held I against the lower part of the cylinder and 1 between which head and the cylinder may I bcinterposed a packing-ring 23 by means of a nut 24. l l

The arrangement of the actuating a paratus, in the present instance shown as a rgyoard, comprises four rows or banks of keys andeach row is provided with a supply channel. or conduit 25. All of the conduits are connected by a main channel or conduit 26 ;in'conimunication by means of a tube or conduit 27 with a supply reservoir 28, which in the resent instance is shown as centrally locate within the machine. The actuated apparatus or device, designated in a general way by C, in the present instance is shown as impression characters mounted upon arms I 29 pivoted by means of risers 30 upon a rinp 31 secured by means of side extensions 3;. i to the frame of the machine and arranged in a differentformation from the formation {of the actuating devices. The. characters I are so arranged that they will strike upward l upon actuation and form impressions upon {paper or other substance carried upon a suitable platen, designated in a general way i by D, thedctails whereof will be described 5 later. For the purpose of actuating the l character arm suitable pumps or cylinders, l designated in a general way by E, and in the I present instance shown as arranged in a ring 33 wherein the individual cylinders 34 are l 10 rated. Each cylinder is provided with a I piston 35 shown as having a spring 36 to maintain it in its initial or inactive position. i Earh piston\is shown as (onnectcd with its 1 charm tcr arm by means of a rod 37 having J a bend 38 to permit it to enter the cylinder. I Each cylinder is in coinmun' ation with one i of thc conduits or tubes 21, which have heads I39 held against the cylinder by means of nuts 40. A suitable packing-ring or gasket l 41 may be interposed between the head and l the cylinder. Sonic suitable means, shown ,licrein as lugs or projections 42, may be 1 placed upon the tops of the pistons 35 to l strike the cylinder head and thereby limit the I movement of the pistons. Upon the inside 1 of the ring 33 1s a channel 4?, communicating l with ca h of the cylinders at the back of 1 which channel 43 issecured a ring 44, thus making the channel 43 a closed conduit, j \Vllltll conduit is in communication by 'll'lCElTlS of a tube 45 with the upper part 10f the reservoir 28. The carriage, dcsignatcd in a general way by F, is in the resent instance shown as mounted upon a bar 16 secured in bearingsor bosses 47 upon l the frame of the machine, in the present jinstance a part of the extensions 32, the

carriage. comprising the present instance a I provided with dowmvardly-projecting linframe 4% having'bearings 49' freely sliding upon the rod and a roller 50 running upon a track .51; The platen D may be mounted in the frame of the carriage and is shown as a cylind cal platen 52 provided at each end with hand-wheels 53 whereby it maybe manually operated, It is also provided at each end with a suitable handle 54 for the purpose of raising it to inspect the work. At the hat-l of the platen are shown paperholding "rolls 55 and beneath the platen forming Fingers 56. shown attached to a lug 58 upon the carriage, passing over a sleeve 59 and is wound upon a spring barrel 60 carried by bearings 61 upon the frame of the machine. i

The various piston cylinders 18 are illustrated as made in a single casting and arranged in number of rows or A suitable band 57 l the arrow.

,as carrying hooked pawl 84 gers 77 for engaging the openings 73 m the bar, so that upon the den'ession of any key the bar will l advanced in the direction of The car shown as passing through a suital le lea-ring or support 78 upon'theiramc of thomarhine and'as having a collar 7 9, which may he adjustatle if desired, Letwcen which collar and hearing is in terposed a'suita'! le spring 80.

the lvar 72 is connected to one end of a hellcrank 81, the other end of which Fell-crank is connected to a rod 82, which is connected to a rod or arm S3 having a bearii'ig upon the shaft 64 of the csca-pement, which is shown for engaging the ratchet-wheel and as adapted to be held in engagement ther'e y l y means of suital" le spring 85. Upon the depression of each banks, the finger-key the hell-crank 81. is rocked and the supply conduits 25 are formed in such casting pawl rides over the ratchet-wheel and on and are located in a direction parallel to said rows and each of said supply conduits opens into the various cylinders in its respective row, the main conduit 26 is also formed in said castin and is disposed transversely of the supply conduits.

A suitable escapement, designated in a general way by G, may be employed for permitting the advance of the carriage step by step, each step corresponding with the space between the centers of the characters. In the present instance the escapement comprises, a pair of rack-bars 6263 secured to the carriage and so ositioned that the teeth of 62 are located way between the teeth of 63. A shaft 64 is mounted in the frame of the carriage and has fastthereon a ratchetwheel 65 and also carries a hub-66 supporting by spring arms 67 a hub 68 of an escapement-disk 69, the boring 70 of the hub 68 and disk 69 as shown is of greater diameter than the shaft. The escapeiment disk is shown rovided with Wide beveled teeth 71 adapter to engage the racks 6263 upon the carriage and are so organized that upon rotation one of the teeth. will slide past a tooth of rack 62 and the next tooth of the disk will then be in position to engage, upon the forward movement of the carriage, a tooth of rack 63. i,

For the purpose of moving the shaft 64 suital le means may to provided to lo operated l y the actuating devices at each action thereof, and in the present instance com prises a tar or rod 72 located at one side of the key card and provided with a of openings 73. Each of the keys is shown as provided with a hip or finger 7 4, and there is shown as pivoted upon each side of the key-- ,mitted to drop and gages a new notch thereon, and upon the release of the fingenkey the spring 80 will rock the tell-crank and. pull back the pawl and ratchet-wheel and move the esoapementdisk a SUfi'lOlQIli} distance that the tooth 71 which is in engagement with one of the racks will be moved out of engagement and the other rack will come in engagement with a tooth of the disk, wherel y at each release of a finger-key the carriage is permitted to advance a space equal to one-half the distance between the teeth of one of the racks.

A suital'le inking device may be employed, which in the present instance com rises an inking ribbon 86 wound upon spoo s 87-88 at each end of the device and the spools mounted upon shafts 89, each provided with a knurled head 90 for actuating the ribbon.

The operation of the apparatus as hereinbefore descril. ed is as foll.ows:-Upon the depression of a selected finge-nkey the fluid contained in its cylinder will be forced out and an equal amount of fluid from the con duit forced into the cylinder active upon the selected character device and forces the piston therein down, which will pull down upon the end of the character arm and force the character up toward the platen and against the paper. Upon. the piston having reached the end or nearly the end of its working stroke it will uncover the opening in communication with the channel, and thus it will be relieved of the ressure applied thereon, such released fluid ilowing into the reservoir. The character arm will thereupon be per upon the release of the key lluid will flow from the tank into its cylinder, at all times maintaining the fluid throughout the entire apparatus uniform, and upon the release ofeach finger-key the carriage will le permitted to advance a step as heretofore descri ed. The fluid system is so organized that the various parts thereof wlll be normally surcharged with fluid. After 1ng provided with an opening the carriagechas reached the end of a line or the end of its movement it maybe returned to the startingposition by hand, the springs holding the escapement-disk and permitting it to be depressed by the rack upon its movement across it.

The escapement herein has the peculiarity of embodying a' one-piece. member for permitting the escapement and advance of the carriage, Whereas heretofore escapements have, always included several pieces or parts. Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. The combination with a key-board; a plunger carried by each key, a cylinder for each plunger, an'oil reservoir and means connecting this to all the cylinders for normally tion to be opened and closed upon t e reciprocation of'the plunger in said cylinder, of a seriesrof impression devices andlevers carrying the same, a piston connected to, each lever for operhting the same, a cylinder for each of said pistons and the same being provided with an itletin proper position to be opened and closed upon the reciprocation of "the piston'in said cylinder, a ring wherein surcharging these with oil, each cylinder be in pro er p0si-- the piston cylinders are mounted, said ring aving a channel in communication with the 0 enings from the cylinders, a cover for the cl iannel to make an inclosed conduit thereof,

and a conduit connecting said channel with" the reservoir.

2. In a device of the character specified, the combination with I ing a numlzer of rows or banks of keys, a cylinder carrying member embodying a castin having a cylinder for each of the keys an also arranged in corresponding rows, ply conduit for each row formed in said castmg and running in a direction arallel to said rows and each opening into t e cylinders of its respective row, said casting also having a main conduit formed in it and dis osed transversely in said supply conduits an connected 'to'the same for normally surcnarging said cylinders and pistons in said cylinders connected with the respective keys.-

Si ned at- N as. 9-15 Murray St., New York N. this. 25th day of October, 1902.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS."

Witnesses:

' FRED J.-DOLE, JOHN O. SEIFERTL a key hoard embody a sup- 

